After publishing the emergency communication options last week, I was made aware of couple of recent presentations on Satellite backhaul options. The first one is from Richard Deasington of iDirect at MWC 2015: The other one is from Vince Onuigbo of Hughes. As can be seen above, the biggest issue with Satellites is the latency which is 600ms for the geostationary satellites. Anyway, here is their presentation: The Nepal disaster is another reminder that we need to be prepared in case of natural (or man-made) disasters and in times of emergencies. ITU said that it has deployed emergency telecommunication equipment in Nepal following the 7.8 magnitude earthquake that hit the country on 25 April 2015. The emergency equipment includes 35 satellite mobile phones and 10 satellite Broadband Global Area Network terminals along with solar panels and laptops to support relief coordination efforts. Satellite phones have been getting better with higher speeds. Thuraya Telecom has some interesting videos on Youtube, here is one that shows how to get good these phones have become:

Satellites can also be used to provide backhaul for small cells and can be installed relatively quickly. Thaicom recently announced that they have sent equipment and engineers to help reconnect the region quickly. From a picture posted on their website, it looks like they are backhauling the small cells but I dont have any more details. A similar approach is being done by another satellite operator SES, in conjunction with emergency.lu. Drones (UAVs) and Baloons are another option for use in these scenarios but they need (expensive) receivers to be installed, which may be an issue. One of the lessons learned after the Japanese twin disasters of earthquake and tsunami was the need to deploy more small cells. According to The Register, DoCoMo has tested blackout-proof hydrogen cell base station in Japan, ready for the next tsunami (see picture above). Finally, I saw this tweet about Vodafone's emergency 'network in a back pack' — Rory Cellan-Jones (@BBCRoryCJ) April 29, 2015

Its not the first time Vodafone is helping out with a Small cell in a backpack. In African countries, having a network allows people to use services like M-Pesa, for instant money transfers to friends and family. Vodafone has also donated £100,000 to support relief efforts following Nepal earthquake that killed more than 3,300 people. Do let me know if I have missed anything. How mobile tech is improving global disaster relief - BBCrio backpack beach chair costco Part 1: How Satellite Made a Difference in Nepal - Via Satellite Magazinesamsonite - guardit laptop backpack 15 -16 Part 2: How Satellite Made a Difference in Nepal - Via Satellite Magazineilbe backpack ebay

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Hardware associated with beam steering applications is commonly called an optical phased array (OPA).[1] Phased array beam steering is used for optical switching and multiplexing in optoelectronic devices, and for aiming laser beams on a macroscopic scale. Complicated patterns of phase variation can be used to produce diffractive optical elements, such as dynamic virtual lenses, for beam focusing or splitting in addition to aiming. Dynamic phase variation can also produce real-time holograms. Devices permitting detailed addressable phase control over two dimensions are a type of spatial light modulator (SLM). In nanotechnology, phased array optics refers to arrays of lasers or SLMs with addressable phase and amplitude elements smaller than a wavelength of light.[2] While still theoretical, such high resolution arrays would permit extremely realistic three-dimensional image display by dynamic holography with no unwanted orders of diffraction. Applications for weapons, space communications, and invisibility by optical camouflage have also been suggested.